Archeology

Archeologists at Tonto National Monument are working to better understand the age of the cliff dwellings and the order in which the rooms were constructed. Using dated ceramics and dendrochronology (obtaining dates from tree rings), a clearer picture of when the dwellings were first built is possible. As archeologists are beginning to discover, the the dwellings may have been occupied for a much shorter time than previously thought. Additionally, the dwellings were likely built much later than originally thought (~1350 C.E.). As additional research is conducted, we learn more about the monument's prehistoric inhabitants.

 
The charred end of a log protrudes from the wall of a cliff dwelling
Dendrochronology

Tree-ring dating can reveal important information about archeological age and past climate conditions

Red, black, and white pot
Polychrome Pottery

Learn about Roosevelt Red Wares and Salado Polychrome

Image of the Lower Cliff Dwelling. Partial wall stands in front of a two story wall.
Lower Dwelling Construction Sequence

Learn how the Lower Cliff Dwelling was built 700 years ago.

Cliff dwelling in desert landscape
Upper Dwelling Construction Sequence

Learn how the Upper Cliff Dwelling was built 700 years ago

Last updated: May 31, 2022

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